Fauna edáfica en suelos de sistemas agroforestales SAF en el Pacifico Colombiano

Abstract

Resumen La fauna edáfica, compuesta por una diversidad de organismos que habitan el suelo han venido desempeñando un papel fundamental en la salud y la productividad de los suelos y, por ende, en la estabilidad y el funcionamiento de los SAF. El objetivo, analizar los principales hallazgos proporcionados por la literatura científica respecto a la fauna edáfica en suelos de sistemas agroforestales SAF en el Pacífico colombiano. Metodológicamente, es una investigación de enfoque cualitativo a través de una revisión documental, la muestra seleccionada dentro de esta población representara un conjunto específico de estudios y publicaciones científicas que se seleccionaran siguiendo criterios rigurosos, compuesta por 15 trabajos en un período significativo de 10 años comprendido entre los años 2013 y 2023. Resultados, los estudios revisados proporcionan evidencia de los importantes servicios ecosistémicos que proporciona la fauna edáfica como la descomposición de la materia orgánica, la mejora de la estructura del suelo, la ciclación de nutrientes y el control de plagas. Conclusiones, la composición y la abundancia de la fauna edáfica están estrechamente vinculadas a las características ambientales y al manejo de los sistemas agroforestales, como lo fue el caso de la presencia de diferentes tipos de vegetación, ya sea cultivos arbóreos, arbustivos o herbáceos, influye en la diversidad de la fauna del suelo al proporcionar diversos microhábitats y recursos alimenticios.

Palabras claves: Macrofauna, Sistemas Agroforestales, Suelos, Región pacifica, ecosistema.

Abstract The edaphic fauna, made up of a diversity of organisms that inhabit the soil, have been playing a fundamental role in the health and productivity of soils and, therefore, in the stability and functioning of SAF. The objective is to analyze the main findings provided by the scientific literature regarding the edaphic fauna in soils of SAF agroforestry systems in the Colombian Pacific. Methodologically, it is a qualitative approach research through a documentary review, the sample selected within this population will represent a specific set of studies and scientific publications that were selected following rigorous criteria, composed of 15 works in a significant period of 10 years included between the years 2013 and 2023. Results, the studies reviewed provide evidence of the important ecosystem services provided by edaphic fauna such as the decomposition of organic matter, the improvement of soil structure, nutrient cycling and pest control. Conclusions, the composition and abundance of edaphic fauna are closely linked to the environmental characteristics and management of agroforestry systems, as was the case with the presence of different types of vegetation, whether tree, shrub or herbaceous crops, influences in the diversity of soil fauna by providing diverse microhabitats and food resources.

Keywords: Macrofauna, Agroforestry Systems, Soils, Pacific region, ecosystem.

The edaphic fauna, made up of a diversity of organisms that inhabit the soil, have been playing a fundamental role in the health and productivity of soils and, therefore, in the stability and functioning of SAF. The objective is to analyze the main findings provided by the scientific literature regarding the edaphic fauna in soils of SAF agroforestry systems in the Colombian Pacific. Methodologically, it is a qualitative approach research through a documentary review, the sample selected within this population will represent a specific set of studies and scientific publications that were selected following rigorous criteria, composed of 15 works in a significant period of 10 years included between the years 2013 and 2023. Results, the studies reviewed provide evidence of the important ecosystem services provided by edaphic fauna such as the decomposition of organic matter, the improvement of soil structure, nutrient cycling and pest control. Conclusions, the composition and abundance of edaphic fauna are closely linked to the environmental characteristics and management of agroforestry systems, as was the case with the presence of different types of vegetation, whether tree, shrub or herbaceous crops, influences in the diversity of soil fauna by providing diverse microhabitats and food resources.